Imam Al-Ghazali, a name familiar in the ears of the Muslims. Leading figure in the arena of philosophy and Sufism. Have influence and ideas have spread throughout the Islamic world. Ironically, the history and journey of his life still feels strange. Most Muslims do not understand. Here are some of the side of life. So that any Muslims who follow him, should take lessons from the history of his life.
Name, Birth and His nasab
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He named Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad Ath Thusi, Abu Hamid Al Ghazali (See Dhahabi, Siyar Nubala knows best 'and As Subki 19/323, Thabaqat Ash Syafi'iyah 6 / 191). The scholars differ in penyandaran nasab Imam Al Ghazali's name. Some say that his name penyandaran to the region Ghazalah in Thusi, his birthplace. This is reinforced by Al Fayumi in Al Mishbah Al Munir. Penisbatan this opinion to one of the descendants of Al Ghazali. Majdudin namely Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Muhyiddin Syarwan Thahir Shah bin Abul Fadl ibn Ubaidillah Situ Al Mana son bintu Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali who said that was one of those who laid our grandfather's name with ditasydid (Al Ghazzali).
Some again say penyandaran his name and expertise to the family income is weaving. Thus nisbatnya ditasydid (Al Ghazzali). Thus Ibn al-Athir opinion. And declared Imam Nawawi, "Al-Ghazzali in Tasydid is correct." Even Ibn penyandaran deny Assam'ani first name and said, "I have asked local residents about Thusi Al Ghazalah, and they deny its existence." Some say Al Ghazali is the name of the penyandaran daughter Ghazalah Ka'b al-Akhbar, Al-Khafaji this opinion.
Apart from Kimya, the most celebrated of al-Ghazali's works in Persian is 'Nasīhatul Mulūk (The Counseling Kings), written most probably for Sultan Ahmad Sanjar ibn Malekshah. In the edition published by Jalāluddīn Humāyī, the book consists of two parts of which only the first can reliably be attributed to al-Ghazali. The language and the contents of some passages are similar to the Kimyaye Sa'adat. The second part differs considerably in content and style from the well-known writings of al-Ghazali. It contains the stories of pre-Islamic kings of Persia, especially those of Anoshervān. Nasihatul Muluk was early translated to Arabic under the title al-Tibr al-masbuk fi nasihat al-muluk (The Forged Sword in Counseling Kings).
Zād-e Ākherat (Provision for the hereafter) is an important Persian book of al-Ghazali but gained less scholarly attention. The greater part of it consists of the Persian translation of one of his Arabic books, Bedāyat al-Hedāya (Beginning of Guidance). It contains in addition the same contents as the Kīmyāyé Sa'ādat. The book was most probably written during the last years of his life. Its manuscripts are in Kabul (Library of the Department of Press) and in Leiden.
Pand-nāma (Book of Counsel) is another book of advice and probably attributed to Sultan Sanjar. The introduction to the book relates that Al-Ghazali wrote the book in response to a certain king who had asked him for advice. Ay farzand (O son!) is a short book of counsel that al-Ghazali wrote for one of his students. The book was early translated to Arabic entitled ayyuhal walad. Another Persian work is Hamāqāti ahli ibāhat or Raddi ebāhīyya (Condemnation of antinomians) which is his fatwa in Persian illustrated with Quranic verses and Hadiths.
Faza'ilul al-anam min rasa'ili hujjat al-Islam is the collection of letters in Persian that al-Ghazali wrote in response to the kings, ministers, jurists and some of his friends after he returned to Khorasan.
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