Housing HK 樓屋宇租售

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香港很早已有為低收入居民而設的出租房屋，多由志願團體提供，如1948年成立之香港房屋協會及1950年成立之香港模範屋宇會，香港政府只提供土地。1949年國共內戰後大量中國大陸難民湧入香港，在各地搭建寮屋棲身。1953年聖誕夜深水埗發生石硤尾寮屋區大火，令58,203名災民無家可歸[2]。當時香港政府為了盡快為災民提供安身之所，便火速在原址附近興建徙置大廈（俗稱七層大廈）。此後，政府又在香港島及九龍各處興建徙置區以吸引居所簡陋，衛生環境較差的木屋居民入住。這些徙置區分佈黃大仙、老虎岩、深水埗李鄭屋等地。自此香港政府大量建造公營房屋。

廉租屋政策

1954年開始大量興建徙置區，當時的徙置大廈沒有獨立廁所或廚房，在頂層則設有天台小學，方便住在徙置區的兒童上學。後來，政府不斷加建學校，天台小學被淘汰，並改建為社區中心等公共設施。1954年，香港模範屋宇會在北角興建模範邨。在1960年代，香港屋宇建設委員會推出廉租屋邨，包括長沙灣蘇屋邨、荃灣福來邨及牛池灣彩虹邨等。1961年，香港平民屋宇有限公司獲香港政府以特惠地價批出土地興建大坑西新邨。1962年開始發展政府廉租屋。

十年建屋計劃

港督麥理浩於1972年宣佈一項公共房屋計劃，名為「十年建屋計劃」，目的是要在十年內建造足夠的公共房屋單位予一百八十萬居民。翌年成立香港房屋委員會，取代屋宇建設委員會並統一管理政府出租公共房屋。「十年建屋計劃」改變過去香港政府對房屋建設的態度，由重量變成重質，注意各屋村的設施及環境。同時配合完整的城市發展，重建徙置大廈，積極發展新界的新市鎮，旨在分散人口到新市鎮居住，以解決市區人口過分擠迫形成社會不安定的問題。

於1970年代推行的居者有其屋計劃，為一些沒能力購買私人樓宇的低收入市民資助購買公營房屋，提供出租公共房屋以外的另一種選擇。1978年，首批居者有其屋屋苑正式推出，它們分別是葵涌悅麗苑、觀塘順緻苑、柴灣山翠苑、何文田俊民苑、香港仔漁暉苑及沙田穗禾苑。大多數居屋與出租公屋共用相同的樓宇設計，甚至由出租公屋改裝而成。

另有一種公共房屋就是「中等入息家庭房屋計劃」屋苑，只有屯門美樂花園一個[3][4]。

長遠房屋政策

因公營房屋和新市鎮都是政府為中產階級及基層市民而設，對於私人樓宇投資者缺乏吸引力，人口分佈和房屋需求仍較集中在市區，令「十年建屋計劃」未能完全達到預期的效果。故政府在1987年重新檢討城市的發展策略，提出「長遠房屋政策」，增加資助購買居屋的機會，擴展重建舊區計劃和充分利用私人樓宇資源。這時候沙田新市鎮、荃灣新市鎮和屯門新市鎮亦完成，隨即發展第二期新市鎮，即馬鞍山新市鎮、將軍澳新市鎮和天水圍新市鎮。

雖然新政策能把人口分佈到新市鎮，但亦出現了不少問題，例如新市鎮不能吸引投資者及廠家投資，以致新市鎮就業率偏低，居民要回到市區就業，大大增加往返市區和新市鎮的交通負擔，而且新市鎮的配套設施，亦要政府付出龐大的開支，於是在二期新市鎮計劃完成後便停止發展新市鎮，並在1990年代開了「大都會計劃」，又名「回到港口」，把人口重新分配到港口左右的市區，進行大規模填海，興建住宅，以減少龐大公共開支的問題。

隨着時代變遷，公營房屋類型推陳出新，樓層也越來越高。在1960年代興建的廉租屋大多都只有16層，近年落成的公營房屋樓宇大約有30、40層。除此之外，香港政府亦推出小家庭單位大廈及長者住宅以應付特別需要。Hong Kong has long provided for low-income residents and rental housing, and more are provided by voluntary organizations such as the Hong Kong Housing Society in 1948 and the establishment of the Hong Kong model of the house will be set up in 1950, the Hong Kong government to provide land only. After the civil war in 1949 a large number of refugees into the Chinese mainland, Hong Kong, set up around the shelter squatters. 1953 Christmas Eve occurred, Sham Shui Po Shek Kip Mei squatter area fire, so that 58,203 victims were homeless [2]. At that time the Hong Kong Government as soon as possible in order to provide shelter for the victims, they rushed to build resettlement buildings (commonly known as the seven buildings) in the vicinity of the site. Since then, the government has built resettlement area in the entire Hong Kong Island and Kowloon to attract shabby homes, squatters poor sanitary conditions of stay. The resettlement area distribution of Wong Tai Sin, Tiger Rock, Lei Cheng Uk, Sham Shui Po and other places. Since the Hong Kong government to build a large number of public housing.

Low-cost housing policy

In 1954 began the construction of a large number of resettlement area, when the resettlement blocks no separate toilet or kitchen, on top of the roof is provided with primary, convenient living in the resettlement area for children to go to school. Later, the government continues to increase the building of schools, primary rooftop being phased out and converted into community centers and other public facilities. In 1954, Hong Kong will build a model house model village in North Point. In the 1960s, Hong Kong Buildings Construction Commission launched the low-cost housing estates, including So Uk Estate, Cheung Sha Wan, Tsuen Wan Fuk Loi Estate and Ngau Chi Wan Rainbow Village. In 1961, Hong Kong Settlers Housing Corporation Limited Hong Kong Government concessionary premium granted land for Tai Hang Sai Village. In 1962 the government began to develop low-cost housing.

10-year housing plan

Governor MacLehose announced in 1972, a public housing program, entitled "10-year housing plan" aims to build enough public housing units within a decade, to 1.8 million inhabitants. The following year the establishment of the Hong Kong Housing Authority, the Authority was substituted and unified management of government rent public housing. "10-year housing plan" to change the attitude of the Government in the past for the construction of houses by the weight becomes heavy, attention to the estates of facilities and environment. In conjunction with a complete urban development, reconstruction resettlement buildings, the positive development of new towns in the New Territories, aimed at dispersing population to new towns, the urban population in order to solve the overcrowding problem of the formation of social unrest.

In 1970 the implementation of Home Ownership Scheme, the number can not afford to purchase private housing for low-income people buy subsidized public housing to provide an alternative other than public housing rental. In 1978, the first batch of Home Ownership Scheme estates officially launched, they are Yuet Lai Kwai Chung, Kwun Tong Shun Chi Court, Chai Wan Shan Tsui Court, Ho Man Tian Junmin Court, Aberdeen Yue Fai Court and Sui Wo Court. Most rental housing and HOS flats share the same design, and even converted from rental housing together.

Another kind of public housing is the "middle income housing scheme 'estates, only a Melody Garden in Tuen Mun [3] [4].

Long Term Housing Strategy

Public housing and new towns are due to the Government for the middle class and the grassroots and set up for private property investors less attractive distribution of population and housing demand was still concentrated in urban areas, so that "10-year housing plan" has not been fully achieve the desired results. Therefore, the Government in 1987 to review the city's development strategy, proposed "long-term housing policy," increase the chances of funding to purchase HOS flats, expansion plans and the redevelopment of old buildings full use of private resources. This time Sha Tin New Town, New Town, Tsuen Wan and Tuen Mun New Town has completed, then the second phase of the development of new towns, namely, Ma On Shan, Tseung Kwan O and Tin Shui Wai New Town.

Although the new policy can be distributed to the population of the new town, but also a lot of problems, such as new towns can not attract investors and manufacturers investment, low employment rate so that the new towns, urban residents to return to employment, greatly increase in traffic from the urban area and the burden of new towns, new towns and facilities, we have to pay the huge government expenditure, so to stop the development of new towns in two new towns planned after the completion and opening in the 1990s the "metropolitan plan", also known as "returning to port," the redistribution of population to urban areas around the port, the large-scale reclamation, construction of residential, to reduce the problem of the huge public expenditure.

As times changed, the type of public housing quality, higher and higher floors. Mostly in the 1960s, the construction of low cost housing have only 16 floors, public housing buildings completed in recent years about 30, 40 layers. In addition, the Hong Kong Government launched a small family unit residential buildings and the elderly to meet special needs.