মাযহাব ও তাকলীদ

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মাযহাব madhhab হল ইসলামী ফিকহ বা ব্যবহারশাস্ত্রের অন্তর্ভুক্ত এক একটি চর্চাকেন্দ্র। নবী মুহাম্মদ-(সাঃ) এর ইসলাম প্রচারের পর আনুমানিক প্রায় দেড়শত বছরের মধ্যে অসংখ্য মাজহাবের উৎপত্তি হয়, সাহাবাদের মধ্যেও অনেকেই নিজস্ব মাজহাব প্রতিষ্ঠার জন্য কৃতিত্বের অধিকারী হয়ে আছেন। সময়ের সাথে সাথে সেগুলো বিবর্ধিত, বিভিন্ন স্থানে সম্প্রসারিত ও বিভাজিত হয়, কিছু আবার সীমিত চর্চার মাধ্যমে প্রায় বিলুপ্ত হয়ে গেছে। অবশেষে সাম্প্রতিক শতকে মোট আটটি প্রধান মাজহাবকে বিশ্ব মুসলিম সম্প্রদায় কর্তৃক সার্বিকভাবে গড় হিসাব অনুযায়ী পালনযোগ্য হিসেবে স্বীকৃতি প্রদান করা হয়েছে। এ ঘটনাকে আম্মান বার্তা বলা হয়।


It has been asserted that madhahib were consolidated in the 9th and 10th centuries as a means of excluding dogmatic theologians, government officials and non-Sunni sects from religious discourse. Historians have differed regarding the times at which the various schools emerged. One interpretation is that Sunni Islam was initially[when?] split into four groups: the Hanafites, Malikites, Shafi'ites and Zahirites. Later, the Hanbalites and Jarirites developed two more schools; then various dynasties effected the eventual exclusion of the Jarirites;[4] eventually, the Zahirites were also excluded when the Mamluk Sultanate established a total of four independent judicial positions, thus solidifying the Maliki, Hanafi, Shafi'i and Hanbali schools. The Ottoman Empire later reaffirmed the official status of these four schools as a reaction to Shi'ite Persia. Some are of the view that Sunni jurisprudence falls into two groups: Ahl al-Ra'i ("people of opinions", emphasizing scholarly judgment and reason) and Ahl al-Hadith ("people of traditions", emphasizing strict interpretation of scripture).The schools of Islamic jurisprudence or byabaharasastrera madhhab is one of a carcakendra. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) to separate the propagation of Islam in the year after the estimated origin of Majahaba are many companions are entitled to credit for the establishment of its own Majahaba. Over time they evolved, expanded and separated in different places, and some limited studies have become nearly extinct. Finally, in recent centuries, eight of the world's Muslim community Mazhab the overall average estimate has been recognized as a celebration. The event is called the Amman Message.


It has been asserted that madhahib were consolidated in the 9th and 10th centuries as a means of excluding dogmatic theologians, government officials and non-Sunni sects from religious discourse. Historians have differed regarding the times at which the various schools emerged. One interpretation is that Sunni Islam was initially [when?] Split into four groups: the Hanafites, Malikites, Shafi'ites and Zahirites. Later, the Hanbalites and Jarirites developed two more schools; then various dynasties effected the eventual exclusion of the Jarirites; [4] eventually, the Zahirites were also excluded when the Mamluk Sultanate established a total of four independent judicial positions, thus solidifying the Maliki, Hanafi, Shafi'i and Hanbali schools. The Ottoman Empire later reaffirmed the official status of these four schools as a reaction to Shi'ite Persia. Some are of the view that Sunni jurisprudence falls into two groups: Ahl al-Ra'i ( "people of opinions", emphasizing scholarly judgment and reason) and Ahl al-Hadith ( "people of traditions", emphasizing strict interpretation of scripture) .