Fiqih Imam Malik (Al Muwattha)

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Al-Muwatta, Al-Muwaththa atau Muwatta Malik merupakan kitab hadits dan fiqih yang disusun oleh Imam Malik bin Anas, merupakan salah satu dari Kutubut Tis'ah (sembilan kitab hadits utama di kalangan Sunni).

Imam Malik, Yaitu Abu Abdullah Malik bin Anas bin Malik bin Abu Amir Al-Ashbahi (93 H dan -179 H). Ia banyak tinggal di Madinah. Ia ulama Islam yang terkenal, dan pendiri mazhab Maliki. Ia dikenal mempunyai lebih dari seribu murid di antaranya yang terkenal adalah Imam Syafe'i. Selama kehidupannya, Imam Malik senantiasa memperbarui Kitab Muwaththa dia ini, sehingga kitab ini mencerminkan pembelajaran dan pengetahuan dia selama lebih dari empat puluh tahun. Kitab ini mengandung seribuan hadits.

Kitab al-Muwattha’ merupakan kitab hadis yang bersistematika fiqh. Kitab yang di tahqiq oleh Muhammad Fuad Abd al-Baqi terdiri dari 2 juz, 61 kitab (bab) dan 1824 hadis. Adapun perincian kitab al-Muwattha’ sebagai berikut :

Waktu-waktu shalat terdiri 80 tema dan 30 hadits.
Bersuci terdiri 32 tema dan 115 hadits.
Shalat terdiri 8 tema dan 70 hadits.
Lupa terdiri 1 tema dan 3 hadits.
Shalat jum’at terdiri 9 tema dan 21 hadits.
Shalat pada bulan ramadhan terdiri 2 tema dan 7 hadits.
Shalat malam terdiri 5 tema dan 33 hadits.
Shalat berjama’ah terdiri 10 tema dan 32 hadits.
Mengqasar shalat dalam perjalanan terdiri 25 tema dan 95 hadits.
Dua hari raya 7 terdiri dari 7 tema dan 30 hadits.
Shalat dalam keadaan takut terdiri 1 tema dan 4 hadits.
Shalat gerhana matahari dan bulan terdiri 2 tema dan 4 hadits.
Zakat terdiri 30 tema dan 55 hadits.
Puasa terdiri 22 tema dan 60 hadits.
I’tikaf terdiri dari 8 tema dan 16 hadits.
Haji terdiri 83 tema dan 255 hadits.
Jihad terdiri 21 tema dan 50 hadits.
Aqiqah terdiri 2 tema dan 7 hadits.
Faraid terdiri 15 tema dan 16 hadits.
Nikah terdiri 22 tema dan 58 hadits.
Talaq terdiri 35 tema dan 109 hadits.
Persusuan terdiri 3 tema dan 17 hadits.
Jual beli terdiri 49 tema dan 101 hadits.
Pinjam meminjam terdiri 15 tema dan 16 hadits.
Kemerdekaan dan persaudaraan, 13 tema dan 25 hadits
Budak Mukatabah, 13 tema dan 15 hadits
Budak Mudarabah, 7 tema dan 8 hadits
Sumpah, 5 tema dan 2 hadits
al-Jami’, 7 tema dan 26 hadits
Qadar, 2 tema dan 10 hadits
Akhlak yang baik, 4 tema dan 18 hadits
Memakai pakian, 8 tema dan 19 hadits
Sifat Nabi Saw., 13 tema dan 39 hadits.

Semoga BermanfaatAl-Muwatta, al-Muwatta or Muwatta Malik is a book of hadith and fiqh compiled by Imam Malik bin Anas, is one of Kutubut Tis'ah (nine major books of hadith among the Sunnis).

Imam Malik, ie Abu Abdullah Malik bin Anas bin Malik bin Abu Amir Al-Ashbahi (93 -179 H and H). He did much to stay in Medina. He is well-known Islamic scholars, and founder of the Maliki school. He is known to have more than a thousand students of which is the famous Imam Syafe'i. During his life, Imam Malik Muwatta he constantly updating this book, so the book reflects her learning and knowledge for more than forty years. This book contains a thousand hadith.

Kitab al-Muwatta "is a hadith which bersistematika fiqh. Book in tahqiq by Muhammad Fuad Abd al-Baqi consists of two chapters, 61 books (chapters) and 1824 Reports. As for the details of the book al-Muwatta 'as follows:

Prayer times comprising 80 themes and 30 hadith.
Purification comprising 32 themes and 115 hadith.
Salah comprises eight themes and 70 hadith.
Forgot comprising 1 and 3 theme hadith.
Friday prayers consist 9 themes and 21 hadith.
Prayers in Ramadan comprises two themes and 7 hadith.
Night prayer consists of 5 themes and 33 hadith.
Prayer congregation comprises 10 themes and 32 hadith.
Mengqasar prayer in the course comprising 25 themes and 95 hadith.
Two feast 7 consists of 7 themes and 30 hadith.
Prayers in a state of fear comprising one theme and four hadith.
Salah solar and lunar eclipses comprises two themes and four hadith.
Zakat comprises 30 themes and 55 hadith.
Fasting comprises 22 themes and 60 hadith.
I'tikaf consists of 8 themes and 16 hadith.
Haji comprising 83 themes and 255 hadith.
Jihad comprising 21 themes and 50 hadith.
Aqiqah comprises two themes and 7 hadith.
Faraid comprising 15 themes and 16 hadith.
Nikah comprises 22 themes and 58 hadith.
Talaq comprising 35 themes and 109 hadith.
Milk comprises three themes and 17 hadith.
Sale and purchase comprises 49 themes and 101 hadith.
Lending comprised 15 themes and 16 hadith.
Liberty and fraternity, 13 themes and 25 hadith
Slaves Mukatabah, 13 themes and 15 hadith
Slaves Mudarabah, 7 and 8 hadith theme
Oath, 5 themes and 2 hadith
al-Jami ', 7 themes and 26 hadith
Qadar, two themes and 10 hadith
Good morals, 4 themes and 18 hadith
Wearing pakian, 8 themes and 19 hadith
The nature of the Prophet., 13 themes and 39 hadith.

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