Qurani (Qur'an) (Quran katika Kiswahili)
Qur'an (kwa Kiarabu: القرآن) ni kitabu kitukufu cha Uislamu. Qur'an inatazamiwa na Waislamu kama "Neno la Allah (Mwenyezi Mungu)". Kitabu hiki kwao ni tofauti kabisa na maandiko ya vitabu vya dini nyingine kwa maana hicho kinaaminika kwamba kimeandikwa moja kwa moja na Mwenyezi Mungu, kupitia mtume wake wa mwisho, Muhammad.
Lugha na tafsiri
Imeandikwa na kusomwa kwa lugha ya Kiarabu pekee kwa zaidi ya miaka 1,400.
Kadiri ya Qurani (42:8), Mungu alimuambia Muhammad: "Na namna hivi tumekufunulia Qurani kwa Kiarabu ili uwaonye watu wa Makka na walio pembeni mwake"
Lakini, kwa vile leo Waislamu walio wengi ulimwenguni hawajui Kiarabu, maana halisi ya Qur'an hutolewa kwa lugha nyingine, hivyo kupelekea wasomaji kuelewa vyema yale maneno ya Kiarabu kwenye Qur'an yana maana gani. Vitabu hivyo ni kama kamusi kwa ajili ya Qur'an - hawavisomi hivi kama moja ya sehemu ya Quran tukufu na Waislam, ili kuwa badala ya Quran ya Kiarabu.
Waislamu wengi wanaamini kwamba tafsiri ile siyo ya Qur'an tukufu na wala siyo ya kweli; ni kopi ya Kiarabu tu iliyotolewa kwenye Qur'an ya kweli.
Waislamu wanaamini kwamba Qur'an tukufu mtume Muhammad alipewa na malaika Jibrīl kwenye pango la mlima Hira, kwa kipindi cha zaidi ya miaka ishirini na tatu hadi mauti wake ilipomfikia.
Qur'an tukufu haikuwa kitabu cha maandiko wakati wa uhai wa mtume Muhammad; iliwekwa kwa mawasiliano ya kimdomo tu. Bimaana, watu walihifadhi kichwani.
Mtume labda hakuwa anajua kusoma wala kuandika, lakini kwa mujibu wa Waislamu, swahaba wake Abu Bekr alikuwa akiandika maandiko yale juu ya kitu fulani wakati huo mtume Muhammad yu hai. Pale Abu Bekr alipokuja kuwa khalifa, ameileta Qur'an na kuwa kitabu kitakatifu.
Uthman, ambaye ni khalifa wa tatu, ameondoa vipengele ambavyo vilikuwa havihusiani na Qur'an tukufu.
Elementi, Sura, Mistari, Aya
Kuna sehemu 30 katika Qur'an, ambayo inafanya kuwa na sura 114. Kila sura ina namba tofauti ya mistari.
Kwa mujibu wa mafunzo ya Kiislam, sura 86 kati ya hizi zimeshuka mjini Makka, sura 24 kati ya hizi zimeshuka mjini Madina.
Miongoni mwa sura zilizoshushwa mjini Medina ni pamoja na Al-Baqara, Al Imran, Al-Anfal, Al-Ahzab, Al-Ma'ida, An-Nisa, Al-Mumtahina, Az-Zalzala, Al-Hadid, Muhammad , Ar-Ra'd, Ar-Rahman, At-Talaq, Al-Bayyina, Al-Hashr, An-Nasr, An-Nur, Al-Hajj, Al-Munafiqun, Al-Mujadila, Al-Hujraat, At-Tahrim, At-Taghabun, Al-Jumua, As-Saff, Al-Fath, At-Tawba, Al-Insan.
Mahusiano baina Qur'an na Biblia
Katika Qu'ran tukufu, inasomwa kwamba Wayahudi na Wakristo pia huamini Mungu wa kweli. Dini hizi pamoja na Uislamu huitwa za Abrahamu kwa sababu ya mahusiano haya.
Kuna baadhi ya kurasa za Qu'ran zinazoelezea habari za mambo ya watu wa katika Biblia. Kwa mfano watu wa katika Biblia waliotajwa kwenye Qu'ran ni pamoja na Adamu, Nuhu, Abraham, Lutu, Ismaili, Yakobo, Yosefu, Haruni, Musa, mfalme Daudi, Solomoni, Elisha, Yona, Yobu, Zakaria, Yohane Mbatizaji, Bikira Maria na Yesu.
Hata hivyo, kuna tofauti za muhimu kabisa baina ya Uislamu na toleo la Biblia katika kuelezea habari za aina moja. Kwa mfano, Qu'ran tukufu inaelezea kwamba Yesu Kristo si Mwana wa Mungu, kama jinsi Wakristo wanavyoamini; kwa Waislamu, alikuwa nabii tu, anayeheshimiwa kwa jina la Isa bin Mariamu.
Uislamu unafundisha kwamba haya yanatokea kwa sababu maandiko ya awali ya Biblia yamepotea na hivyo kuna baadhi ya watu wameyabadilisha. Lakini nje ya Qu'ran hakuna uthibitisho wa fundisho hilo. Qur'an (Qur'an) (Quran in Swahili)
Qur'an (Arabic: القرآن) is the holy book of Islam. Qur'an is expected by Muslims as the "Word of God (Allah)". This book is completely different to them and the writings of other religious books that can be trusted because it was written directly by God, through His last prophet, Muhammad.
Language and translation
Written and read in Arabic only for over 1,400 years.
According to the Qur'an (42:8), God said to Muhammad: "And thus We have revealed to you the Qur'an in Arabic to warn people of Makkah and those around him"
But, since today many Muslims around the world do not understand Arabic, the real meaning of the Qur'an is provided for other languages, thus leading readers to better understand Arabic words in the Qur'an mean. These books are like dictionaries for the Qur'an - do not read this as one part of the Qur'an and Muslims, so that instead of the Quran in Arabic.
Many Muslims believe that the interpretation of the Qur'an is not not true and it is a copy of the Quran Arabic only provided on the right.
Muslims believe that the Qur'an was given to Muhammad by the angel Gabriel in the cave of Mount Hira, for over twenty-three years until his death ilipomfikia.
The Qur'an was not a book of scripture during the life of the Prophet Muhammad, was placed in contact kimdomo only. Bimaana, people were storing on the head.
Messenger may not be able to read or write, but according to Islam, his companion Abu Bekr was writing the writing on something that time Muhammad was alive. When Abu Bekr that the caliph came, he brought the Qur'an to be sacred book.
Uthman, the third caliph who is, has removed features that were not specifically related to the Holy Qur'an.
Elements, Chapter, Verse, Verse
There are 30 places in the Qur'an, which makes it a frame 114. Each chapter has a different number of lines.
According to Islamic teaching, chapter 86 of these have declined in Mecca, chapter 24 of these have declined in Medina.
Among the chapters in Medina zilizoshushwa include Al-Baqara, Al Imran, Al-Anfal, Al-Ahzab, Al-Maida, An-Nisa, Al-Mumtahina, Az-Zalzala, Al-Hadid, Muhammad, Ar- Ra'd, Ar-Rahman, At-Talaq, Al-Bayyina, Al-Hashr, An-Nasr, An-Nur, Al-Hajj, Al-Munafiqun, Al-Mujadila, Al-Hujraat, At-Tahrim, At- Taghabun, Al-Jumua, As-Saff, Al-Fath, At-repentance, Al-Insan.
Relations between the Qur'an and the Bible
In Glorious Qu'ran, is presented to that Jews and Christians also believe the true God. These religions as well as Islam are called to Abraham because of these relationships.
There are some pages that describe Qu'ran concerning the people of the Bible. For example in the Bible of people listed on the Qu'ran include Adam, Noah, Abraham, Lot, Ishmael, Jacob, Joseph, Aaron, Moses, King David, Solomon, Elisha, Jonah, Job, Zechariah, John the Baptist, the Virgin Mary and Jesus.
However, there are quite important differences between Islam and version of the Bible in describing the story of the same type. For example, the glorious Qu'ran explains that Jesus Christ is not the Son of God, just as Christians believe, for Muslims, he was just a prophet, who is honored in the name of Jesus the son of Mary.
Islam teaches that this is happening because the original texts of the Bible have been lost and so there are some people have changed. But out of the Qu'ran there is no proof of that doctrine.
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